garlic rust question?

hi everyone.is garlic rust "hidden" in the cloves of infected bulbs or is it attacked as it grows.so if you have garlic cloves free from rust when planted ,does that mean it will be rust free when harvested?or is it in the air?  or is it in the soil?

thanks DD. so i can still plant cloves from infected plants next autumn in a different position and still be rust free next season in the right conditions.( in theory)?