Sorry to hear about the weeds, they soon catch up with you don't they! I think it's great that you are getting the plot sorted again. You are right, you don't have to do it all at once and an hour a day would be great.
There are still lots of things that you can sow, lettuces, radishes, beetroot (maybe a bit late for big ones but you will probably get some small ones) then there are the winter veg like spring cabbages. You can also buy plants online or from garden centres for overwintering like purple sprouting broccoli and spring greens.
Good luck and would love to see some pictures