We use electric fence powered by mains - and are working to get it back up & running (see my earlier cry for help & the brill responses). We got ours from ChickenCoopsDirect - ordered late Weds night, delivered Fri morning by 9am - superb service. The dogs took about 3 shocks to decide they weren't interested.
My friend runs her fence on battery - her dogs also didn't take long to learn.
The new pullets are gradually learning not to jump over the fence, but dogs & foxes approach nose first & after a shock, don't seem to realise they could actually jump it easily.
I read the below in an advert for agricultural supplies, but you could probably trace it back to the original research if necessary:
"Study on Fox predation on Lesser Tern Colony,
"Tracks and scats of the foxes were first noticed near the colony on 28th. May, and almost daily thereafter. On 18, 19, and 20th. June, observers recorded that the incubating terns seemed "skittish, nervous and uneasy." This phenomenon was first thought to be associated with hatching but no chicks were noted. Nest numbers decreased from 138 to 129 on 20th. June, to 61 on 22nd. June. By 23rd. June only 45 tern nests remained. Fox tracks crisscrossed the colony.
On 24th. June the electric fence was erected. On 25th. June we noted a slight increase to 48 nests; a week later, 2nd. July, we counted 60 nests, and by 6th. July, 85 nests. Fresh fox tracks were seen near the colony, but they never came closer than 10 ft to the electric fence, no tracks were found in the trial area. New nests outside the fence were consistently taken by the Foxes-none survived." At the end of the trial the fence was turned off and for over two weeks the tracks never crossed it.
Unfortunately due to fox predation they suffered heavy losses and only one young fledged. The following year an electric fence was erected around the nesting site and this proved extremely effective at excluding foxes, so that 31 pairs reared a record 29 young.
Copied from Agrisellex website where they have several “testimonies” re fox, badger, elephant."