I have a "permanent" Munty frame made from angle iron, so yes I do grow them in the same place, although the soil is partially changed every year by digging out a trench, adding used compost and partly-rotted material, then filling back in using soil from an adjacent area.
As Kirpi has already pointed out runner beans are thankfully not subject to persistent soil-borne diseases - as for the nitrogen issue runner bean roots are pretty tough and tuberous and do not rot down in the soil between the end of one growing season and the start of the next, so they go on the compost heap anyway along with the bines.